{"id":8919,"date":"2024-11-19T11:42:28","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T10:42:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.doliche.uni-muenster.de\/?page_id=8919"},"modified":"2024-11-19T11:42:30","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T10:42:30","slug":"2018-yili-kazi-sezonu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.doliche.uni-muenster.de\/tr\/kazi-sezonlari\/2018-yili-kazi-sezonu\/","title":{"rendered":"2018 Y\u0131l\u0131 Kaz\u0131 Sezonu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

2018’deki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ana amac\u0131, \u015fehir merkezinin do\u011fusundaki imparatorluk hamamlar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na devam etmekti. Bu ama\u00e7la d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcm olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. 2017’de ke\u015ffedilen ve ortas\u0131nda bir y\u00fczme havuzu bulunan odan\u0131n g\u00fcneybat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak ta\u015f h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 burada ciddi hasara neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7evredeki mozaikli koridorun zemini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tahrip olmu\u015f ve havuzu \u00e7evreleyen s\u00fctunlardan geriye sadece b\u00fcy\u00fck kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 bloklardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f temeller kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f duvarlar da kaybolmu\u015ftur. Havzan\u0131n sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kuzeydo\u011fu spandrelinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak genel olarak odan\u0131n g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde yeniden in\u015fa edilmesi art\u0131k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 metrekarelik bir taban alan\u0131na sahipti, havza ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 metrekare b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeydi. Havzan\u0131n dolgusunda, yap\u0131n\u0131n MS 2. y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihlendi\u011fini do\u011frulayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da yap\u0131 bile\u015feni par\u00e7as\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u015eehrin do\u011fusundaki hamam kompleksinin bulundu\u011fu alan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Bat\u0131da, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dikd\u00f6rtgen oda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Burada 13 x 5 metrelik bir alan \u00fczerinde har\u00e7tan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f devasa bir yatak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fuda, profilden hemen \u00f6nce sona ermektedir, ancak s\u0131n\u0131r duvar\u0131 ve temelleri soyulmu\u015ftur. Oda, hamam kompleksinin merkezinde yer almaktayd\u0131 ve 100 metrekarenin \u00fczerinde bir alana sahipti. Ancak i\u015flevi h\u00e2l\u00e2 belirsizli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Zeminin masif temelinden bir kanalizasyon ge\u00e7mektedir. G\u00fcneyinde, zemininde har\u00e7la yerinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yuvarlak tu\u011fla levhalardan olu\u015fan desteklerin bulundu\u011fu ba\u015fka bir odan\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Bu da buran\u0131n bir hypocaust oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da mozaik par\u00e7as\u0131 ve kare tu\u011fla d\u00f6\u015feme par\u00e7alar\u0131 eski zemine aittir. Termal hamam\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fka ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, i\u00e7inden kanalizasyon borusu ge\u00e7en ba\u015fka bir \u015fap zeminin par\u00e7as\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. Orijinal zemini olu\u015fturan dikd\u00f6rtgen kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6\u015feme par\u00e7alar\u0131 hala in situ olarak korunmaktad\u0131r. Zemin bat\u0131ya do\u011fru k\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hamam\u0131n bu y\u00f6ndeki orijinal kapsam\u0131 belirlenememi\u015ftir. Hamamdaki odan\u0131n i\u015flevi de hen\u00fcz bilinmemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130mparatorluk hamam kompleksinin g\u00fcneyindeki hipokostlar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak, kompleksin simetrik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Roma \u00f6rneklerinden modellendi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. Giri\u015f kuzeyden sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fczme havuzlu k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131k oda, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmayan odalar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131cak odalar g\u00fcneyde yer almaktad\u0131r. Mozaik dekorasyon kompleksi MS 2.\/3. y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihlendirmektedir. Genel olarak, Roma modelleriyle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde karakterize edilmi\u015ftir ve antik kuzey Suriye’deki \u015fehir ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fczerindeki Roma etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir. MS 4. ve 5. y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca, yap\u0131 malzemeleri elde etmek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm kompleks sistematik olarak ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Duvarlar\u0131n temelleri bile b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylece bina sadece negatif formda korunmu\u015ftur. Alan\u0131n daha sonra kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair herhangi bir kan\u0131t bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hamam\u0131n do\u011fusunda yer alan kaz\u0131 alan\u0131ndaki bulgular MS 4. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki ya\u011fma ile ili\u015fkilidir. Burada d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131 5 metre ve derinli\u011fi 2,10 metre olan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kire\u00e7 oca\u011f\u0131 ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Yama\u00e7 i\u00e7ine in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir ve do\u011fudan bir giri\u015fle beslenmektedir. \u0130yi korunmu\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 antik teknoloji hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerimizi geli\u015ftirecektir. Genel olarak, b\u00f6lgenin ge\u00e7 antik d\u00f6nemde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak end\u00fcstriyel ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum, tekrar eritilmesi ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan bronz heykel par\u00e7alar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da hurda metal buluntusundan da anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u0131r\u0131n, \u00e7o\u011funlukla Roma imparatorluk d\u00f6nemine ait buluntular\u0131 i\u00e7eren kal\u0131n dolgu katmanlar\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Do\u011fudan bat\u0131ya paralel uzanan ve bat\u0131daki kire\u00e7 oca\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tahrip edilen iki duvar da bu d\u00f6neme tarihlenmektedir. \u0130\u015flevlerini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in daha fazla kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ancak kaz\u0131lar, bu alandaki imparatorluk d\u00f6nemi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n termal hamamlar b\u00f6lgesine k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok daha iyi korunmu\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Werner Oenbrink’in Roma termal hamamlar\u0131n\u0131n mimari s\u00fcslemelerini yeniden i\u015flemesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l erken H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k d\u00f6nemine ait bir bazilikan\u0131n ke\u015ffedilmesinin ard\u0131ndan, 2018 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n amac\u0131 kilisenin kom\u015fu alanla nas\u0131l b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fti\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131. Bu ama\u00e7la iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm olu\u015fturuldu. Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kilisenin g\u00fcney koridorundan g\u00fcneye do\u011fru yama\u00e7 boyunca uzanmaktad\u0131r. Yan koridorun \u00f6n\u00fcnde mozaikle s\u00fcsl\u00fc bir koridorun daha bulundu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Mozai\u011fin \u015fap ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 korunmaktad\u0131r. Bu oday\u0131 g\u00fcneye do\u011fru kapatan duvar, en alt katman\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kaybolmu\u015ftur. Duvar\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde, dolgu katmanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, hen\u00fcz hi\u00e7bir antik \u00f6zellik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; katmanlar kiliseye atfedilebilecek yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131l burada devam edecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcm ise kilisenin apsisinin bulundu\u011fu alan\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Burada, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde beyaz mozaik zeminle dekore edilmi\u015f geni\u015f bir odan\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 metre geni\u015fli\u011findedir ve y\u00f6n\u00fc kilisenin y\u00f6n\u00fcnden biraz sapmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fu-bat\u0131 uzant\u0131s\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 belirsizdir. Yeniden kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kesme ta\u015flardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcney s\u0131n\u0131r duvar\u0131n\u0131n iki katman\u0131 korunmu\u015fken, kuzey duvar\u0131n\u0131n sadece bir katman\u0131 korunmu\u015ftur. Odan\u0131n i\u015flevi belirsizdir, ancak kiliseye ait olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mozai\u011fin basit tasar\u0131m\u0131 ya \u00f6nemsiz bir yan oda oldu\u011fu ya da daha sonraki bir tarihte in\u015fa edildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Genel olarak, her iki ara\u015ft\u0131rma b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden elde edilen buluntular, alan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n MS 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve muhtemelen deprem y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak MS 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda sona erdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Yeni bulgular ayn\u0131 zamanda bazilikan\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir kilise oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r ki bu da erken tarihli olmas\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ek olarak, kentsel alanda yo\u011fun bir y\u00fczey ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama\u00e7, kolonizasyonun \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalar\u0131nda kentin kapsam\u0131n\u0131, yerle\u015fim s\u00fcresini ve yerle\u015fim topografyas\u0131na ili\u015fkin sorular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lara dayanarak, sadece Roma ve Bizans d\u00f6nemlerinde \u015fehrin m\u00fcnferit alanlar\u0131ndaki yerle\u015fim yo\u011funlu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda binalar\u0131n karakteri hakk\u0131nda da a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu nedenle, buluntularda bir kutsal alan, bir hamam ve end\u00fcstriyel olarak kullan\u0131lan alanlar\u0131 tespit etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u015eehrin en y\u00fcksek alan\u0131ndaki (\u201cakropolis\u201d) bir surun par\u00e7alar\u0131 da ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dolikhe’de 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar kentin geli\u015fimi ve tarihi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, kayda de\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki bir hamam kompleksinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. So\u011fuk banyo odalar\u0131na ait y\u00fczme havuzlu yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 metrekarelik bir oda k\u0131smen ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Kompleksin g\u00fcneyindeki s\u0131cak odalar\u0131n zemini alt\u0131ndaki \u0131s\u0131tma sisteminin par\u00e7alar\u0131 ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Roma banyo geleneklerinin benimsenmesi, \u015fehir ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir Roma etkisine tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hamamlar\u0131n MS 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l gibi erken bir tarihte art\u0131k kullan\u0131lm\u0131yor olmas\u0131 ilgin\u00e7tir. Bu zamana kadar kent sakinleri, muhtemelen MS 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren Kuzey Suriye kentlerinin gerilemesine yol a\u00e7an sava\u015flar ve ekonomik krizler nedeniyle kentin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc terk etmi\u015flerdir. Roma kentinin kamusal merkezinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan hamamlar ve \u00e7evresindeki binalar terk edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu kriz Dolikhe’nin sonu anlam\u0131na gelmiyordu. Yeni H\u0131ristiyan himayesi alt\u0131nda \u015fehir MS 4. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren yeniden geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, hamamlardan elde edilen yap\u0131 malzemesi gerekli yeni binalar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcm mobilyalar gibi temeller bile ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u0131l ke\u015ffedilen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kire\u00e7 f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 da bu ba\u011flamda g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130mparatorluk hamam kompleksinin so\u011fuk su kurnas\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki koridorda yer alan mozaik zemin par\u00e7as\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7 antik d\u00f6nemde Dolikhe’deki yenilenen y\u00fckseli\u015f, kentin g\u00fcneyinde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla vurgulanmaktad\u0131r. Kilisenin g\u00fcneyindeki arama kesimleri, kilise kompleksinin yan odalar\u0131n\u0131 ve uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu da kilise kompleksinin daha \u00f6nce tahmin edilenden \u00e7ok daha kapsaml\u0131 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Kilisenin daha da a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, Ge\u00e7 Antik D\u00f6nem Kuzey Suriye’sindeki dini ya\u015fam ve kutsal mimari hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilerimizi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geni\u015fletecektir. B\u00f6lgeden elde edilen buluntular, kilisenin 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, muhtemelen bir deprem nedeniyle kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sona erdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Galeri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2018’deki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ana amac\u0131, \u015fehir merkezinin do\u011fusundaki imparatorluk hamamlar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na devam etmekti. Bu ama\u00e7la d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcm olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. 2017’de ke\u015ffedilen ve ortas\u0131nda bir y\u00fczme havuzu bulunan odan\u0131n g\u00fcneybat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak ta\u015f h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 burada ciddi hasara neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7evredeki mozaikli koridorun zemini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tahrip olmu\u015f ve havuzu \u00e7evreleyen s\u00fctunlardan geriye sadece b\u00fcy\u00fck kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 bloklardan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":6146,"parent":8553,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8919","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n2018 Y\u0131l\u0131 Kaz\u0131 Sezonu - Doliche Urban Excavations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.doliche.uni-muenster.de\/tr\/kazi-sezonlari\/2018-yili-kazi-sezonu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2018 Y\u0131l\u0131 Kaz\u0131 Sezonu - Doliche Urban Excavations\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2018’deki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ana amac\u0131, \u015fehir merkezinin do\u011fusundaki imparatorluk hamamlar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na devam etmekti. Bu ama\u00e7la d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcm olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. 2017’de ke\u015ffedilen ve ortas\u0131nda bir y\u00fczme havuzu bulunan odan\u0131n g\u00fcneybat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. 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